Fostering baby hedgehogs (hoglets) can be a rewarding and fulfilling experience for those passionate about animals and nature. As hedgehog populations face habitat loss and climate change challenges, it is crucial to support their survival by providing safe and nurturing environments for their growth. In this guide we will explore the ins and outs of fostering hoglets, including their unique characteristics, necessary care requirements, and the joy and responsibility of nurturing these adorable creatures.

Understanding Hedgehogs Hoglets

Definition and species identification

Hedgehogs are small, nocturnal mammals that belong to the family Erinaceidae. The term “hoglets” refers to baby hedgehogs, specifically those in the early stages of development. There are several species of hedgehogs, with the most common in Europe being the European hedgehog (Erinaceus europaeus). In contrast, the African pygmy hedgehog (Atelerix albiventris) is popular in the United States as a pet.

Natural habitat and behavior

Hedgehogs are commonly found in gardens, grasslands, woodlands, and hedgerows across Europe, Asia, and Africa. They are solitary-animals and are most active during the night. Hedgehogs are known for their unique defense mechanism – curling into a ball with their spines outward to protect themselves from predators.

Unique characteristics of baby hedgehogs (hoglets)

Baby hedgehogs, or hoglets, are born with soft, white spines that harden and darken as they mature. A mother hedgehog can giving birth to up to seven hoglets, though the average litters size is typically between four and six. The birthing process occurs in a carefully constructed nest made from leaves and twigs, where the mother will tend to her young until they reach sexual maturity and can forage and survive on their own.

Preparing for Your Baby Hedgehogs

Selecting the right enclosure

1. Size requirements: A suitable enclosure for baby hedgehogs should provide ample space to move, explore, and grow. A minimum of 4 square feet per hedgehog is recommended, with larger enclosures ideal for multiple babies or as they grow into adults.
2. Proper ventilation: Good ventilation is crucial for maintaining a healthy environment for baby hedgehogs. Choose an enclosure with a wire mesh top or open sides for airflow.
3. Safe materials: Ensure that the materials used in the enclosure construction are non-toxic and do not have sharp edges or small parts that could pose a risk to the baby hedgehogs.

Setting up the environment

1. Bedding: Provide a soft, absorbent bedding material for your baby hedgehogs, such as aspen shavings, recycled paper, or fleece. Avoid using cedar or pine-shavings, as they can cause respiratory issues.
2. Hideouts: Baby hedgehogs need a secure and cozy space to hide and sleep during the day. Provide one or more hideouts, such as a small wooden box or a plastic igloo, with an entrance allowing baby hedgehogs to enter and exit easily.
3. Climbing structures: Hedgehogs are natural climbers and enjoy exploring their surroundings. Include small branches, logs, or other climbing structures in the enclosure to enrich their environment.

Temperature and lighting requirements

1. Ideal Temperature Range: Baby hedgehogs require a temperature range of 72-80°F (22-27°C) to thrive. It is essential to maintain this temperature range consistently, as they are sensitive to sudden changes in temperature and may become ill if their environment is too cold or too hot.
2. Heating Options: There are several heating options available for maintaining the ideal temperature range in the enclosure, including under-tank heaters, ceramic heat emitters, and heat lamps. Make sure to use a thermostat to regulate the temperature and prevent overheating.
3. Lighting Requirements: Hedgehogs are nocturnal animals, so their enclosure should not be exposed to bright lights for extended periods. Provide a natural light cycle by placing the enclosure in a room with natural light or using a timer for artificial light sources. Avoid using UV lights, as they can cause eye damage to hedgehogs.

Feeding and Nutrition

Understanding their diet

1. Insectivorous Nature: Hedgehogs are primarily insectivores, which means they primarily consume insects in the wild. Hoglets have a high protein requirement to support their growth and development.
2. Variety of Insects: A diet consisting of various insects, such as mealworms, crickets, and waxworms, is crucial for providing baby hedgehogs with the necessary nutrients. In addition to insects, baby hedgehogs can be fed high-quality, low-fat, dry cat food as a staple in their diet.
3. Supplements and Vitamins: Calcium and vitamin supplements may be necessary for baby hedgehogs, especially during their growth phase. Consult a veterinarian experienced in hedgehog care to determine the appropriate supplementation for your baby hedgehogs.

How to feed baby hedgehogs

1. Frequency and Portion Sizes: Baby hedgehogs require more frequent feedings than adults, typically 3-4 times daily. Adjust the portion sizes according to age and size, ensuring they are not overfed or underfed.
2. Feeding Techniques: When feeding baby hedgehogs, it is essential to use shallow dishes or trays to prevent them from accidentally ingesting their bedding. Place the food near their hideouts to encourage natural foraging behavior.
3. Monitoring Weight and Growth: Regularly weigh your baby hedgehogs to ensure they grow healthily. Consult a veterinarian if you have concerns about their weight or growth progress.

Health and Hygiene

Regular health checkups

1. Signs of Illness: Monitor your baby hedgehogs for signs of illness, such as lethargy, weight-loss, changes in eating or drinking habits, or discharge from the eyes, nose, or mouth. Early intervention is crucial for successful treatment and recovery.
2. Common Health Issues in Baby Hedgehogs: Some common health issues that baby hedgehogs may experience include mites, fungal infections, respiratory infections, and dental problems. Consult with a best veterinarian if you suspect your baby hedgehog is experiencing any health issues.
3. Seeking Veterinary Care: Establishing a relationship with a veterinarian experienced in hedgehog care before any health issues arise is essential. Regular checkups can help prevent and detect health problems early on.

Maintaining hygiene

1. Cleaning the Enclosure: Clean the baby hedgehogs’ enclosures regularly to maintain a sanitary environment. Remove soiled bedding and waste daily, and thoroughly clean at least once a week, including washing the enclosure, hideouts, and food dishes with a mild, pet-safe cleaning solution.
2. Hedgehog Grooming: Hedgehogs are generally clean animals, but they may require some assistance with grooming. Use a soft-bristled toothbrush to brush their spines and remove any dirt or debris gently. Be cautious not to press too hard or cause discomfort during grooming.
3. Nail Trimming and Bathing: Trimming your baby hedgehog’s nails is essential for their comfort and mobility. Use small nail clippers or scissors designed for small animals to trim their nails carefully. Avoid cutting the quick, pink part of the nail containing blood vessels and nerves to prevent pain and bleeding.

Occasional bathing may be necessary if your baby hedgehog becomes dirty or develops an odor. Fill a shallow basin with warm water and gently lower the hedgehog into the water. Use a soft toothbrush and a gentle pet shampoo to clean their spines and body. Rinse thoroughly and dry with a soft towel before returning them to their enclosure.

Socialization and Bonding

Understanding hedgehog behavior

1. Nocturnal Habits: Hedgehogs are nocturnal animals, meaning they are most active at night. Be prepared to adjust your schedule to interact with and care for your baby hedgehogs during their active hours.
2. Solitary Nature: Hedgehogs are solitary animals and may not require or desire constant companionship. However, they can still form bonds with their caregivers and enjoy gentle interactions.

Tips for bonding with your baby hedgehog

1. Handling Techniques: When handling your baby hedgehog, approach them slowly and calmly. Scoop them up from underneath, supporting their body with both hands. Avoid sudden movements or loud noises, which may startle them and cause them to curl up defensively.
2. Building Trust: Bonding with your baby hedgehog requires patience and consistency. Spend time with them daily, offering treats and gentle handling to help build trust. They may be more willing to explore and interact as they become more comfortable with you.
3. Enrichment Activities: Providing enrichment activities can enhance your baby hedgehog’s quality of life and strengthen your bond. Offer new items to explore, such as toys, tunnels, and foraging opportunities, to stimulate their natural curiosity and engage their senses.

Legal and Ethical Considerations

Understanding local laws and regulations

Before fostering baby hedgehogs, it is crucial to research and understand the laws and regulations regarding hedgehog ownership in your area. Ownership or hedgehog breeding may be restricted or require a permit in some regions.

Acquiring a hedgehog from a reputable source

Ensure you acquire your baby hedgehogs from a reputable breeder or rescue organization. Reputable sources will prioritize the well-being of the animals and provide you with accurate information about their origin, health, and care requirements.

Ensuring proper care and commitment

Fostering baby hedgehogs is a significant commitment, as they can live up to 7-10 years under proper care. Before fostering baby hedgehogs, consider the time, financial, and emotional investment required to ensure their well-being and happiness.

Conclusion

Fostering baby hedgehogs (Hoglets) can bring immense joy and satisfaction to those passionate about these unique and charming animals. By providing proper care, a nurturing environment, and a strong commitment to their well-being, you can help support the survival and success of these precious creatures. Always consult with an experienced veterinarian and follow local laws and regulations to ensure the health and happiness of your baby hedgehogs.

FAQs

What can baby hedgehogs drink?

Autumn orphans or baby hedgehogs separated from their mothers need to be fed with special milk formulas specifically designed for their nutritional needs. These milk formulas are available in pet stores and can be ordered online. It is important not to give them cow’s milk as it can cause digestive problems in hedgehogs. Litter or baby hedgehogs can be given milk using a syringe or a dropper.

At what age can you hold a baby hedgehog?

A baby hedgehog can be held at least 15 days old. However, it is important to note that it is best to wait until the hedgehog is weaned and eating on its own before handling it extensively. Female adult hedgehogs are generally more social and receptive to handling than males.

How do you bond with a baby hedgehog?

Bonding with a baby hedgehog can take time and patience. One way to start is by approaching the hedgehog calmly and softly, similar to how you would approach a cat. Additionally, female hedgehogs tend to be more social and receptive to bonding than males. A garden can be a great place to bond with a hedgehog as they naturally inhabit outdoor spaces. You can spend time with the hedgehog in a quiet area of the garden, offering treats and gentle strokes to help build trust and familiarity. Over time, your baby hedgehog may become more comfortable with your presence and begin to show affection towards you.